Nature Neurosci—梦的神经科学解析

中文摘要

清醒时意识永不消退。然而，当我们从睡梦中醒来时，我们有时会回忆起做过的梦，而有时却任何东西也回忆不起来。传统上，做梦被认为是快速眼动（REM）睡眠期间发生的现象，其特征是唤醒式、全局“激活”的高频脑电活动。然而，做梦也发生在非REM（NREM）睡眠，以显著的低频活动为特征。这挑战了我们当前对睡眠过程中意识体检的神经关联的理解。使用高密度脑电图，研究人员对比了NREM睡眠和REM睡眠中有无做梦时大脑的活动。在NREM和REM睡眠中，梦境经历的报告与后部皮质区的低频活动的减少有关。这些区域的高频活动与特定的梦境内容相关。实时监测这一大脑后部“热区”的活动可以预测一个人是否在NREM睡眠中做梦，这表明大脑后部“热区”可能构成睡眠中意识体验的核心中枢。

英文摘要

Consciousness never fades during waking. However, when awakened from sleep, we sometimes recall dreams and sometimes recall no experiences. Traditionally, dreaming has been identified with rapid eye-movement (REM) sleep, characterized by wake-like, globally 'activated', high-frequency electroencephalographic activity. However, dreaming also occurs in non-REM (NREM) sleep, characterized by prominent low-frequency activity. This challenges our understanding of the neural correlates of conscious experiences in sleep. Using high-density electroencephalography, we contrasted the presence and absence of dreaming in NREM and REM sleep. In both NREM and REM sleep, reports of dream experience were associated with local decreases in low-frequency activity in posterior cortical regions. High-frequency activity in these regions correlated with specific dream contents. Monitoring this posterior 'hot zone' in real time predicted whether an individual reported dreaming or the absence of dream experiences during NREM sleep, suggesting that it may constitute a core correlate of conscious experiences in sleep.

参考文献：The neural correlates of dreaming. Nat Neurosci. 2017 Jun;20(6):872-878. doi: 10.1038/nn.4545. Epub 2017 Apr 10.

微信视频预览查看